tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83189844230404750912024-03-13T22:09:38.831+00:00Modern Conflict Archaeology John B Winterburn is a Landscape and Modern Conflict Archaeologist.
He is currently researching the landscapes of southern Jordan and influence of the Hejaz Railway on the militaristion of these landscapes in the early 20th century. These landscapes are where Lawrence of Arabia was active during 1917-1918 John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.comBlogger13125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-30867347686151828882016-07-03T19:13:00.002+01:002018-07-15T09:48:54.092+01:00<div class="MsoNormal">
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The Martyr’s
Memorial and Museum, Amman, Jordan. </h2>
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<span style="font-size: x-large;">الصرح الشهيد</span></h2>
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Sarh al-Shaheed, (الصرح الشهيد) The Martyrs
Memorial, is Jordan’s national army museum and is located in the capital city
of Amman. A large, gleaming and austere white stone clad monolithic building
sits on a pedestal like an acropolis overlooking the modern city of Amman. Its
otherwise featureless façades are dominated by a band of polished black basalt inscribed
with gold lettering; words from the Quran and a style reference to the Ka’aba
in Mecca, the holiest of places for Muslims. </div>
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Two Long-Tom, 155 mm M1, field-guns
sit on the edge of the courtyard pointing over the city on silent sentry duty,
reinforcing the power and authority of the place and protecting the memory of
the martyrs. The possibility that these guns may have been the ones to shell
Tel Aviv and Jerusalem in Jordan’s disastrous participation in the 1967 ‘six
day war’ is forgotten here and never mentioned within the museum.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b>Long Tom, 155mm, M1 field-gun</b>. <span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">© JB Winterburn</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span> </td></tr>
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This is more
than a museum, it is a memorial to those, The Martyrs, who have given their life
in the service of Jordan since the Great Arab Revolt of 1916-1918, a place
where “the nation celebrates its victories and the state displays its history”
and honours the Hashemite dynasty in Jordan. </div>
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Built on the orders of the King
Hussein bin Talal, the father of modern Jordan, it was designed by the
Jordanian born architect Victor Bisharat and inaugurated on July 25th 1977, a
date that coincided with the 25th anniversary of nation building under the
king. <span style="font-size: x-small;">(For information about Victor Bisharat click <a href="http://www.stamfordmag.com/s/January-2011/Learning-Curves/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">HERE</a>)</span></div>
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The museum space within the
memorial comprises the four interior walls each with its exhibits depicting military
events from Jordan’s past. This is history as that state wishes it to be
portrayed with victories celebrated and defeats forgotten. The Ottomans are portrayed
as enemies and five centuries of their heritage are erased from memory as
Jordanian history is depicted to begin with the Great Arab Revolt, in 1916
followed by the subsequent accomplishments of the Hashemite dynasty. </div>
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The visitor climbs up the white
steps and enters a large doorway in the centre of the wall gaining access to a
large hall decorated with the standards of Jordanian Army units. From here one
is directed to the ramp that gently ascends along the walls of the building
passing display cases housing military artefacts associated with Jordan’s
history. The visitor is guided along an walk-way passing displays that begin
with the Great Arab revolt against the Ottoman empire initiated by Sharif Hussein of Mecca the
great, great, Grandfather of the present King, Abdullah II. Sheriff Hussein’s portrait is shown alongside
some of his belongings including an ivory walking stick and the silk ‘ikal’, used
to secure his head-covering together with photographs of the Ka’aba,
reinforcing the Hashemite link with Mecca and images of four of his sons. There
are displays of old weapons, including pistols and rifles, used at the time of
the revolt and next to this is a cabinet of photographs of the Turkish held and
fortified garrison railway station complex at Ma’an which was attacked by Arab
forces in April 1918. It was briefly taken but never held by the Arab forces
during the revolt, a fact glossed over in the display which includes short sections
of damaged railway track and explosives.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify;">One of the many displays. </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px; line-height: 24px;">© JB Winterburn</span></td></tr>
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Continuing upward leads one past
other displays and carries you further away from the past toward the present. The
displays exhibit curious agglomerations of Turkish uniform, British radio
equipment, US made weapons, groundsheets, signalling lamps, Turkish cavalry
swords and camel saddles together with photographs of Glubb Pasha and the
Jordanian Army in the 1950s. Another interesting artefact is complete copy of the Quran printed on a single
sheet of paper; another reference to the importance of Islamic heritage of the
Hashemites. As the ramp ascends further the cabinets display badges of rank and
formation signs and the honours, medals and decorations awarded to the army.
Several examples of uniforms are on display include one worn by the late King
Hussein.</div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Exhibits. <span style="font-size: 12.8px;">© JB Winterburn</span></td></tr>
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At the top of the building is the walled
roof garden, but access is restricted by large glass doors. Through the gold
tinted glass one gets a good view of the ceremonial space and the black panels
inscribed with the names of the martyrs in gold lettering. In the centre of this space stands a small
olive tree, the tree of life and of peace, with a golden pitcher from which the King and
visiting dignitaries can sprinkle water on the tree. </div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">The roof garden and ceremonial olive tree. </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">© JB Winterburn</span></td></tr>
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<span style="line-height: 24px;">If you have a couple of hours to spare in Amman on your way to or from the airport or Jordan’s many other historic sites then a visit to this memorial and museum will be of interest to military historians. Visiting this remarkable building is stimulating and helps one to understand a little about the middle eastern concept ‘martyrdom’ as opposed to the remembrance of the ‘fallen’ in the west’s memorials. The museum’s collections are limited and </span>narrate a sanitised view of history but the best exhibit is the building and
its immediate environment. Look at its design, position and symbolism and you
will come away with an understanding of the importance of the military and
their Hashemite pedigree to the modern state of Jordan. </div>
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Other information.</h3>
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Sarh al-Shaheed, the Martyr’s Memorial, is located next to the
Sports City Stadium in the Shmeisani district, 5 km northwest of Downtown
Amman.</div>
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It is open every day, except Friday, from 8am-4 pm in winter,
8 am-6pm in summer. Entry is free of
charge.</div>
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Tel. + 962 6 566 4240 </div>
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Based on an article originally written by John B Winterburn for Military History Monthly magazine, 2013. </div>
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John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0Amman, Jordan31.9453666 35.92837159999999131.0820301 34.637478099999989 32.8087031 37.219265099999994tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-16245993373895359962014-03-23T00:13:00.001+00:002014-03-29T21:12:41.304+00:00 Lawrence and Tooth Hill Camp<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-large;"><b>Lawrence's Camp at Tooth Hill, Jordan.</b></span></div>
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<a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2587193/Secret-desert-camp-used-First-World-War-hero-Lawrence-Arabia-discovered-intact-rum-jars-campfire.html">Link to the Daily Mail on-line coverage</a><br />
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<a href="http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/uk_news/WWI/article1391127.ece">Link to Sunday Times Article</a><br />
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In November 2012 after a search that has lasted a few years I walked across the desert of southern Jordan with my two colleagues Neil Faulkner and Nick Saunders and set eyes on the camp ground used by British forces in late 1917 and early 1918. This camp had been used as a staging post for many for the epic raids on the Hejaz Railway at Tel Shahm and Mudawwara. Scattered in the desert floor was the remains of their last meals in the form of rusty tin cans from Lowerstoft and fragments of rum jars and gin bottles.<br />
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In reading Seven Pillars of Wisdom I became interested in
the opening paragraph of Chapter 105. Being familiar with the landscape around
the Tel Shahm area I began to speculate where the ‘toothed hill’ referred to was. </div>
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<b><i>‘</i><span class="QuoteChar"><i><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Meanwhile I took car from Waheida, and went down to
Guweira, to join Dawnay in our old camp behind the toothed hill facing Tell
Shahm station’</span></i></span></b></div>
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<span class="QuoteChar"><span style="font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">My archive research in The National
Archives over a period of two or three years led me to the War Diaries of X
Flight RAF. Included in these diaries were a number of sketch maps produced by
the pilots in 1918 and attached to the various reconnaissance reports. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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A sketch map, dated April 14<sup>th</sup> 1918, indicates a feature as ‘Tooth Hill’.
However detail examination of the written accounts in the file indicated that
it was produced as a result of a reconnaissance mission on April 16<sup>th</sup>
1918.</div>
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The toponym
‘Tooth Hill’ reminded me of the ‘toothed hill’ described by Lawrence. Field work in the Tel Shahm area in 2009 identified
two possible locations for Tooth Hill; two mesa-like sandstone hills dominated
the skyline to the west of Tel Shahm.<o:p></o:p></div>
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At a TEL
Society Symposium in September 2012 I was shown a photograph, by Joe Berton, of
a group of Rolls Royce Armoured Car posed in front of a hill. I was asked if I
knew where this was. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The image
was instantly recognisable because of the distinctive shape of the hill. At
this stage I thought it was probably Tooth Hill but not certain (Image from ‘The
Gilman Collection’ at the Huntingdon Library.
Lt. L.H. Gilman, Hejaz Armoured Car Company). Further research then led to a paper written
in 2000 written by John Pascoe the son of Lt George Pascoe, the second in
command of the ‘RFA 10 pdr gun section, under the command of Lt Brodie. This paper is a summary of the War Diary of
the 10 pdr gun section and contains information about George Pascoe. Additional images of Tooth Hill camp have
since come to light.<o:p></o:p></div>
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This paper
led me to the War Diary of the ‘10 pdr Motor Section RFA’ which I had been
unable to find at this stage of the research. This document contains a detail about
the occasions that Tooth Hill Camp was used.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b>Finding Tooth Hill
Camp.<o:p></o:p></b></div>
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Using the
photograph provided by Joe Berton the landscape features evident in the image
were compared to probable locations, based on field reconnaissance, that could
be seen using Google Earth images. What
appeared from the satellite images to be the most probable location of the 1918
photograph was determined and the coordinates recorded. Using a GPS unit
programmed with the coordinates we traveled to the site, walked across the
desert and found the remains of the campsite depicted in the image.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b>Acknowledgements<o:p></o:p></b><br />
<a href="http://www.jordan1914-18archaeology.org/">The Great Arab Revolt Project ( GARP) </a>Team<br />
Neil Faulkner and Nick Saunders</div>
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Joe Berton, for bringing the photograph of Tooth
Hill to my attention.</div>
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Charles Eiler, for archive research in California
and sharing images.</div>
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<br />John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-6589291877600805742013-08-19T11:27:00.003+01:002016-07-07T12:10:17.554+01:00Fitful Head memorial to the crew of Halifax Bomber No 9438<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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On the night of March 30th 1942 Halifax bomber No. 9438 of 35 Squadron RAF was returning from a bombing mission against the German battleship <i>Tirpitz </i>that was at anchor in a fjord near Trondheim, on Norway's western coast.<br />
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<i>Tirpitz</i>. </div>
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The bombing raid comprised 34 aircraft from squadrons 74, 35 and 10 taking off from RAF bases at Tain, Lossiemouth and Kinloss.<br />
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Halifax Bomber <span style="font-size: xx-small;"> </span></div>
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On reaching their target they found it obscured by cloud and many of the bombers had to jettison their bombs before returning to base.<br />
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For some reason that we will probably never know bomber No 9438 ploughed into the 1000' high cliffs of the eponymous Fitful Head on the western side of south Mainland Shetland killing all 7 of its crew<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-26UHrSoauUI/UgT0tTiIfbI/AAAAAAAADZw/4GYlsbGp-W8/s1600/Fitful+Head.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="572" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-26UHrSoauUI/UgT0tTiIfbI/AAAAAAAADZw/4GYlsbGp-W8/s640/Fitful+Head.jpg" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The location of Fitful Head.</span></td></tr>
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The crashed aircraft and the bodies of the airmen lay undiscovered for over a week. Two local men, John Mainland and George Leslie, tending their sheep discovered the wreck and notified the RAF. More than 50 years later John's son, Willie Mainland would be responsible for raising the stone memorial to the victims.<br />
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Most of the bodies were found but the body of Ronald Meredith lay is such a precarious position that the authorities accepted the advice of the local men that it could not be recovered. His body had been wrapped in his parachute and placed in a cleft in the cliff and covered with aircraft wreckage. It is still there today.<br />
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What caused the crash is still unknown. It has been conjectured that they were trying to land at the nearby RAF Sumburgh air base because they were short of fuel as a result of damage to their fuel tanks. They were probably using Shetland as a waypoint for their navigation back to Kinloss but why were they so low as to crash into the cliffs? My guess is that they were trying to land for some reason and were a mile too far north to make safe landfall.<br />
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The site of the crash was initially marked by a wooden cross but through time and weather this eventually disappeared. In 1995 a more permanent memorial stone was placed on the cliffs. The memorial is not easy to find as it is hidden from view to anyone walking the cliffs along the fence line. If you go looking for it tread carefully as it is close to the cliff edge and it is located at NGR HU 34682 12841. When I visited the site in August 2013 there was a white fishing net float attached to the fence near the point you need to cross but this should not be relied on.<br />
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UjJkQXJlCEk/UhHtCCbqSHI/AAAAAAAADaA/fL8oKV9Arl4/s1600/DSC_2607.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="422" src="https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UjJkQXJlCEk/UhHtCCbqSHI/AAAAAAAADaA/fL8oKV9Arl4/s640/DSC_2607.JPG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The memorial stone at the crash site.</span><br />
© JB Winterburn 2013</td></tr>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7zewmqRZfgs/UhHwwjSgLOI/AAAAAAAADaY/DApoBeWQ8kY/s1600/DSC_2609.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" height="462" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-7zewmqRZfgs/UhHwwjSgLOI/AAAAAAAADaY/DApoBeWQ8kY/s640/DSC_2609.JPG" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">The cliffs of Fitful Head</span><br />
© JB Winterburn 2013</td></tr>
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The historic Quendale Water Mill which is just less than 2 miles from the crash site houses files of local history information including information about this crash and the erection of the granite memorial stone.<br />
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<a href="http://www.quendalemill.co.uk/?page_id=78" target="_blank">Quendale Water Mill</a><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;"><b>Acknowledgments and references. </b></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Thanks to the Aviation Research Group of Orkney and Shetland ( A.R.G.O.S) for the use of some historic photographs. Their informative web site can be found by clicking <a href="http://www.crashsiteorkney.com/index.htm" target="_blank">HERE</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-size: x-small;">Sandy Pearson, Shetland Life May 2010. <i>Tragedy, bravery , mystery, controversy:The Fitful Head Halifax Tragedy.</i> pp14-16. </span><br />
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<a href="http://www.archieraf.co.uk/archie/9438tlh3031.html"><span style="font-size: x-small;">http://www.archieraf.co.uk/archie/9438tlh3031.html</span></a><br />
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John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0Fitful Head, Shetland, Shetland Islands ZE2, UK59.9 -1.383333300000003959.899502 -1.384593800000004 59.900498 -1.3820728000000038tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-57594892336840474382013-01-06T10:55:00.003+00:002013-01-07T08:53:52.215+00:00<br />
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" 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The Imperial War Museum (London) and the University of Bristol are organising a conference on </h3>
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<b>Materialities and Cultural Memory of twentieth Century Conflict</b>.</h3>
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Conflict
and the Senses is the fifth in the series, and similarly covers the
whole of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. It acknowledges the
recent increase of interdisciplinary interest in the role of the senses
in human experience and cultural representation (smell, touch, sound).
As modern conflict invokes the extremes of human behaviour, its
relationship with diverse and multivalent sensorial dimensions suggests
itself to be of critical importance in our understanding of conflict in
the recent past and the present.<br />
<br />
<br />
For more information and to see the Call for Papers click on this <a href="http://bit.ly/IWM-Senses" target="_blank">LINK</a><br />
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<br />John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-86687041798652476182012-10-22T17:05:00.002+01:002012-11-01T09:36:01.238+00:00Beyond the Dead HorizonI am very pleased to have been able to contribute to a new book, <b>Beyond the Dead Horizon</b>, edited by Nicholas J Saunders.<br />
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eykKSFgXd3Y/UIVuTSQflgI/AAAAAAAAAwg/hHVNwgwttz8/s1600/Front+Cover.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hadrian and the Hejaz Railway, Studies in Modern Conflict Archaeology" border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eykKSFgXd3Y/UIVuTSQflgI/AAAAAAAAAwg/hHVNwgwttz8/s640/Front+Cover.jpg" title="Beyond the Dead Horizon" width="486" /></a></div>
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<div class="header">
<div class="title">
<span style="font-size: large;">Hadrian and the Hejaz <span style="font-size: large;">R</span>ailway: Linear features in conflict landscapes. Chapter 13.</span></div>
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The
Hedjaz Railway was built by the Ottomans to take Hajj pilgrims from
Damascus to Medina in the early twentieth century, though it probably
also had covert military and geo-political functions. Completed in 1908,
it was served by station buildings regularly spaced along its length,
many of which were protected by blockhouses and nearby hilltop forts by
the time of the Great Arab Revolt of 1916-18, during the First World
War. In AD 122, during his visit to Britain, the Roman Emperor Hadrian
commissioned his eponymous wall to run from the River Tyne near modern
Newcastle to the Solway estuary near Carlisle. It formed the northern
limit of the Roman Empire, and was defended at regular intervals by
‘mile castles’ and forts. The Hedjaz Railway and Hadrian’s Wall are
iconic linear features in their respective landscapes. They are both
liminal entities, designed not as impenetrable barriers but rather as
stabilising and boundary-defining constructions for the military, for
traders, and as ideological borders for state imperialism. This paper
takes changing views of the environs of Hadrian’s Wall as landscapes of
danger, military activity, romance, and tourism, and applies them to the
Hedjaz Railway in order to generate a new narrative understanding of
modern conflict along a linear conflict zone. </div>
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See full details on the <a href="http://www.oxbowbooks.com/bookinfo.cfm/ID/91945//Location/Oxbow" target="_blank">Oxbow web pages</a> </div>
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John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-82068596871296936512012-10-21T13:06:00.002+01:002012-11-01T09:10:51.191+00:00Helles memorial , Gallipoli<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><img 0="0" 20="20" 30="30" a="a" action.="action." all="all" alt="Modern Conflict Archaeology" and="and" are="are" at="at" be="be" both="both" br="br" buried="buried" by="by" campaign="campaign" can="can" dardenelles.="dardenelles." entering="entering" field="field" gallipoli="gallipoli" geocode="&q=40.045719,26.179175&t=h&ie=UTF8&ll=40.053045,26.183338&spn=0.005864,0.007532&z=14&iwloc=A&source=embed&mid=1350820860" grave="grave" gt="gt" gun="gun" have="have" height="424" helles="helles" high="high" href=" border=" https:="https:" in="in" inscribed="inscribed" is="is" it="it" killed="killed" known="known" lone="lone" lt="lt" m="m" maps.google.com.au="maps.google.com.au" maps="maps" memorial.="memorial." memorial="memorial" men="men" more="more" names="names" no="no" obelisk="obelisk" of="of" on="on" or="or" panels="panels" part="part" peninsula.="peninsula." photograph="photograph" point="point" remnants="remnants" sea.="sea." seen="seen" ships="ships" southern="southern" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mwXJefh_wbU/UIUUJBQIj8I/AAAAAAAAAwI/HXTWWe2A_wY/s640/DSC_1086.JPG" stand="stand" standing="standing" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" target="_blank" than="than" that="that" the="the" tip="tip" title="Helles Memorial, Gallipoli" to="to" together="together" took="took" towards="towards" were="were" who="who" width="640" with="with" /></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A lone gun relic points to the Helles memoral</td></tr>
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The British Commonwealth memorial has the dual function as a memorial to the entire Gallipoli campaign and as a commemoration for the servicemen who died and have no known grave. <br />
The memorial bears more than 21,000 names of those who died there or were buried at sea. The United Kingdom and Indian forces named on the memorial died in operations throughout the peninsula, the Australians at Helles. There are also panels for those who died or were buried at sea in Gallipoli waters. The memorial bears more than 21,000 names.John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0D550, 17900 Çanakkale Province, Turkey40.044306169856689 26.17810249328613340.038228169856687 26.168231993286131 40.050384169856692 26.187972993286134tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-50964859933583009442012-03-14T10:56:00.001+00:002017-08-08T20:17:23.157+01:00<br />
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<b>Imperial Camel Corps Memorial, London. </b></h2>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YKw0bmws-Uk/T2B4JyDRg3I/AAAAAAAAAvQ/HD1_gq4FQQk/s1600/ICC+London+2-HDR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Modern Conflict Archaeology" border="0" height="640" src="https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YKw0bmws-Uk/T2B4JyDRg3I/AAAAAAAAAvQ/HD1_gq4FQQk/s640/ICC+London+2-HDR.jpg" title="Imperial Camel Corps Memorial. London" width="364" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Imperial Camel Corps memorial, London</td></tr>
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The Imperial Camel Corps ( ICC) monuments stands in the Victoria Embankment gardens in London. I believe it was erected in 1927 to commemorate the dead of the ICC and their actions during the First World War.<br />
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My research into the landscapes of Jordan during the war has taken me to Mudawwara , a small railway station and fortified landscape in the south of the country and close to the border with Saudi Arabia. The ICC carried out a spectacular raid here in August 1918 and this is commemorated on this monument.John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0Victoria Embankment, City of Westminster, SW1A, UK51.503506938255462 -0.1237678527832031251.498564938255463 -0.13363835278320313 51.508448938255462 -0.11389735278320312tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-22588601005151483882012-03-09T20:53:00.002+00:002012-10-26T19:42:10.324+01:00A Line in the SandI have recently read a great book by James Barr about the Middle East in the early 20th century.<br />
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<a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3Y2AQmxmIZA/T1pti_D-SKI/AAAAAAAAAvI/nfr5gQOF3oE/s1600/A+Line+in+the+Sand+Cover+Photo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Modern Conflict Archaeology" border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3Y2AQmxmIZA/T1pti_D-SKI/AAAAAAAAAvI/nfr5gQOF3oE/s640/A+Line+in+the+Sand+Cover+Photo.jpg" title="A Line in the Sand. James barr" width="428" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> ‘A Line in the Sand’,is a sequel to Barr's ‘Setting the Desert on Fire’
and uses recently released archives to relate the involvement of Britain and France in the arbitrary ‘carve-up’ of the Middle
East during the first half of the twentieth century.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> He
presents his interpretation of the intriguing story of the period when Britain
and France controlled the Middle East in the aftermath of the First World War.
The book resembles a gripping spy thriller populated with well known political
and military figures and improbable characters engaged in ‘venomous rivalry’,
political posturing and state sponsored terrorism. However, this was not
fiction but violent reality. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In December 1915 the Prime Minister,
Herbert Asquith, summoned politician Sir Mark Sykes to Downing Street to advise
him and the war cabinet on the future of the Ottoman Empire; an issue that
threatened Britain’s alliance with France. Sykes wanted a dividing line from
the Mediterranean coast to the Persian frontier- ‘from the ‘e’ in Acre to the
last ‘k’ in Kirkuk’. Later, Sykes met with the French civil servant François
George-Picot and they fashioned the secret Sykes-Picot agreement; territory to
the north of the arbitrary line would go to France and that to the south to
Britain. This agreement lead to the post war creation of mandates granting
Iraq, Palestine and Transjordan to Britain and Syria and Lebanon to France. It
was intended to shore-up the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Entente
Cordial,</i> however the agreement ignited Arab Zionist conflict, provoked
thirty years of rivalry and animosity and a short war as Britain and France
settled old scores. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">This is an expertly researched and
authoritative book that is easy to read. It reveals new narratives about the
formation of the Middle East and how Britain curtailed French ambitions in the
Levant by supporting Zionists’ claims to Palestine. </span></div>
John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-43743950840741151682012-03-07T10:32:00.002+00:002012-11-01T09:38:06.290+00:00Modern Conflict Archaeology New book<br />
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Beyond the Dead Horizon: Studies in Modern Conflict Archaeology</h3>
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<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Cuq2CGuVr_w/UIVtA7yFvKI/AAAAAAAAAwY/eaUGQMSAEmU/s1600/Front+Cover.jpg" imageanchor="1"><img alt="Modern Conflict Archaeology" border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Cuq2CGuVr_w/UIVtA7yFvKI/AAAAAAAAAwY/eaUGQMSAEmU/s400/Front+Cover.jpg" title="Beyond the Dead Horizon" width="305" /></a></div>
<span class="small"><br /> </span><br />
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<span class="small"> An extract from the Oxbow web site:-</span><br />
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<span class="small">The new interdisciplinary study of 20th-century
conflict archaeology has developed rapidly over the last decade. Its
anthropological approach to modern conflicts, their material culture and
their legacies has freed such investigations from the straitjacket of
traditional 'battlefield archaeology'. It offers powerful new
methodologies and theoretical insights into the nature and experience of
industrialised war, whether between nation states or as civil conflict,
by individuals as well as groups and by women and children, as well as
men of fighting age. The complexities of studying wars within living
memory demand a new response - a sensitised, cross-disciplinary approach
which draws on many other kinds of academic study but which does not
privilege any particular discipline. It is the most democratic kind of
archaeology - one which takes a bottom-up approach - in order to
understand the web of emotional, military, political, economic and
cultural experiences and legacies of conflict. These 18 papers offer a
coherent demonstration of what modern conflict archaeology is and what
it is capable of and offer an intellectual home for those not interested
in traditional 'war studies' or military history, but who respond to
the idea of a multidisciplinary approach to all modern conflict. <i>240p, 90 col & b/w illus (Oxbow Books, 2012)</i></span><br />
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<span class="small">Full details <a href="http://www.oxbowbooks.com/bookinfo.cfm/ID/91945/OnlyResult/Yes" target="_blank">HERE </a><i><br /></i></span>John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-16678220185557721562012-03-07T10:16:00.000+00:002012-10-22T14:59:00.443+01:00Kinmel Camp Riots<br />
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<span style="font-size: small;">Servicemen buried at Bodelwyddan and the Kinmel Camp Riot.</span></h2>
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<span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">More information about the Kinmel Camp Riots is available on the BBC Northeast Wales web site</span>. Click <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/northeast/sites/askalocal/pages/wwii6.shtml" target="_blank">Here</a> to view</span></h2>
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John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-83945272371255446892012-03-05T15:51:00.004+00:002012-03-05T15:52:37.135+00:00The Kinmel Camp riots of 1919An interesting story about the Kinmel Camp Riots of 1919 has appeared on the BBC Wales History website. Click <a href="http://goo.gl/JqVZY" target="_blank">HERE read.</a><br />
This is a Modern Conflict Archaeology story about how unrest lead to a riot within a transit camp due to the concerns of Canadian soldiers largely being ignored by the officers.<br />
The article was written by <a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/phil_carradice/" title="Phil Carradice">Phil Carradice</a>
who "is a broadcaster, writer and poet. His blog posts provide a distinctly
Welsh perspective on major events in world history, as well as revealing
some little-known events from the Welsh past." Someone who's posts I shall be following in the future.<br />
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John B Winterburn</div>
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john@winterburn.info</div>
<span style="color: white;">Modern Conflict Archaeology</span>John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-45730566684115537442011-10-13T10:58:00.000+01:002012-03-14T11:03:26.084+00:00Conflict in the AirToday I am writing a chapter about the conflict landscapes of southern Jordan. In 1917 and 1918 a remarkable band of pilots flew reconnaissance missions from their airbase in Aqaba to Turkish targets along the Hejaz Railway. They included places such as Ma'an, Wadi Rutm and Uneiza.<br />
This was one of the first air wars and used aircraft that were slow and underpowered. Climbing over the mountains to the north of Aqaba meant that they had to ascend to 5000 feet which was at the limit of their performance. To gain adequate lift they had to take-off before the air temperatures rose too much and so most flights took off before 5 am.<br />
Some interesting ideas to get to grips with associated with the pilots engagements with landscape.<br />
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<br /></div>John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8318984423040475091.post-28533391302441415022011-10-12T10:41:00.000+01:002012-03-14T11:03:36.833+00:00Glasgow ConferenceI have just got home from a great conference at Glasgow University. It was good to meet so many other students engaged in both Battlefield and Conflict Archaeology. There were also signs that there is an increasing recognition that Conflict Archaeology is a broader, multi-disciplinary study that Battlefield Archaeology. There is some great work being undertaken at Glasgow on Scottish battlefields and by applying Conflict Archaeology techniques to their study I am sure new narratives will emerge.<br />John B Winterburnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05285793361764513059noreply@blogger.com0